Use and classification of commercial central air conditioning system

单冷式：

Single cold type:

将室内热湿空气吸入，经过蒸发器将水蒸气冷凝，然后将干燥、凉爽的空气送入室内，起到降温、降湿的作用。

The indoor hot and humid air is inhaled, the steam is condensed through evaporator, and then the dry and cool air is sent into the room to cool down and dehumidification.

冷热式：

Cold and hot type:

既能降温、降湿，又可制热、取暖。制热方式可分为热泵式和电热式。热泵式空调取暖时，室外空气温度在5℃以上才能正常工作。

It can not only cool down, reduce humidity, but also make heat and heat. The heating mode can be divided into heat pump type and electric heating type. When the heat pump air conditioning heating, the outdoor air temperature above 5 degrees Celsius can work normally.

移动式：

Mobile:

它与窗式空调器的区别是采用水冷方式，冷凝水通过软管排出，可以在室内随意移动，不用安装。

The difference between it and the window type air conditioner is that it adopts water cooling method, condensate water is discharged through the hose, and it can move freely indoors without installing.

分体式：

Split style:

它由室内机箱和室外机箱组成，室外机箱组合了制冷系统中的压缩机、冷凝器和轴流风机等。

It consists of an indoor cabinet and an outdoor chassis, and the outdoor chassis combines a compressor, a condenser and an axial flow fan in the refrigeration system.

变频空调：

Inverter air conditioner:

是由电脑控制的变频器和变频压缩机组成的,它运用变频控制技术，使空调根据环境温度自动选择制冷、制热和除湿运转方式，使居室在短时间内迅速达到所需要的温度，并在低转速低能耗状态下以较小的温差波动，实现快速、节能和舒适的控温效果。

It is made up of a computer controlled inverter and frequency conversion compressor. It uses frequency conversion control technology to automatically select the refrigeration, heat and dehumidification operation mode according to the ambient temperature, so that the room can quickly reach the required temperature in a short time, and in the low speed and low energy consumption state with a small temperature difference, it can realize fast and fast. Energy saving and comfortable temperature control effect.

水冷式：

Water cooling:

由室内盘管，室外机可以是水冷螺杆或冷却搭（这种也属于单冷式），机组里面的东东就不说了，四大部件你应该知道的吧。

From the indoor coil, the outdoor machine can be water cooling screw or cooling (this also belongs to the single cold type), the east of the unit does not say, the four parts you should know.

风冷式：

Air cooling type:

室内盘管，室外机是风冷螺杆或模块机组。

Indoor coil unit, outdoor unit is air-cooled screw or modular unit.

中央空调系统是由一系列驱动流体流动的运动设备(如水泵、风机及压缩机)、各种型式的热交换器(如风机盘管、蒸发器、冷凝器及中间热交换器等)及连接各种装置的管道(如风管、水管及冷媒管)和阀件所组成。系统一般可分下列五个循环 ：

The central air conditioning system is composed of a series of moving equipment (such as pumps, fans and compressors), various types of heat exchangers (such as fan coil, evaporator, condenser and intermediate heat exchanger, etc.) and pipes that connect various devices (such as pipes, pipes and Refrigerants) and valves. The system can generally be divided into the following five cycles:

1、室内空气循环；

1, indoor air circulation;

2、冷水循环；

2, cold water circulation;

3、冷媒循环；

3, refrigerant cycle;

4、冷却水循环；

4. Cooling water cycle;

5、室外空气循环。

5. Outdoor air circulation.

中央空调系统——主要组成设备

Central air conditioning system - the main components

一、按负担室内热湿负荷所用的介质可分为:

1. The medium used for indoor heat and moisture load can be divided into:

1、全空气系统

1. All air systems

2、全水系统

2. All water system

3、空气-水系统

3, air water system

4、冷剂系统

4. Refrigerant system

二、按空气处理设备的集中程度可分为:

Two. According to the concentration of air treatment equipment, it can be divided into:

1、集中式

1, centralized

2、半集中式

2, semi centralized

三、按被处理空气的来源可分为:

Three. According to the source of the processed air, it can be divided into:

1、封闭式

1. Closed type

2、直流式

2, direct current

3、混合式(一次回风 二次回风)

3, mixed type (two return air of one return air)

主要组成设备有空调主机(冷热源) 风柜 风机盘管等等。

The main components are air conditioning main engine (cold and heat source), fan cabinet, fan coil unit and so on.

从本质上讲，均由空气处理设备，空气输送设备，空气分布装置三大部分组成。此外还有制冷系统，供热系统及自动调节系统。

In essence, they are made up of three parts: air handling equipment, air conveying equipment and air distribution device. There are also refrigeration systems, heating systems and automatic control systems.

空气热湿处理设备空气热湿处理设备主要是对空气进行加热、加湿、冷却、除湿等处理。

The air heat and humidity treatment equipment is mainly used for heating, humidifying, cooling and dehumidifying the air.

1）喷水室。在民用建筑中不再采用，但在以调节湿度为主要目的的纺织厂和卷烟厂空调中仍大量使用。

1) the water spray chamber. It is no longer used in civil buildings, but it is still widely used in textile factories and cigarette factories with humidity control as the main purpose.

2）表面式换热器。冷却器、加热器、蒸汽盘管统称为表面式换热器。

2) surface heat exchanger. The cooler, heater and steam coil are collectively referred to as surface heat exchangers.

a、盘管表面式换热器有光管式和肋管式两种。根据加工方法不同，肋片管又可分成绕片管、串片管和轧片管。

A, coil surface heat exchanger has two types: light tube type and rib tube type. According to the different processing methods, the ribbed tube can be further divided into a winding tube, a string tube and a rolled sheet pipe.

为了便于使用和维修，冷、热煤管路上应设截至阀、止回阀、过滤器、平衡阀、压力表和温度计等。在蒸汽加热器的蒸汽管路上还要设蒸汽调节阀门和疏水器。为了保证表面式换热器正常工作，在水系统的最高点应设排空气装置（如立式和卧式排气阀），而在最低点应设泄水阀门和排污阀门。

In order to facilitate the use and maintenance, the cold and hot coal pipeline should be equipped with stop valve, check valve, filter, balance valve, pressure gauge and thermometer. Steam regulating valve and steam trap shall also be installed on the steam piping of the steam heater. In order to ensure the normal work of the surface heat exchanger, air devices (such as vertical and horizontal exhaust valves) should be set at the highest point of the water system, while discharge valves and discharge valves should be set at the lowest point.

b、电加热器。它有结构紧凑、加热均匀、热量稳定、控制方便的优点。但是电加热器利用的是高品位的热能，它只宜在一部分空调机组和小型空调系统中使用。在恒温精度要求较高的大型空调系统中，也常用电加热器控制局部加热或作末级加热使用。

B, electric heater. The utility model has the advantages of compact structure, uniform heating, stable heat and convenient control. However, the electric heater uses high grade heat energy. It is only suitable for use in some air conditioning units and small air conditioning systems. In large air conditioning systems requiring high accuracy in constant temperature, electric heaters are often used to control local heating or last stage heating.

常用的电加热器有裸线式和管式两种。

Commonly used electric heaters are bare wire and tube type two.

为了确保安全，设计安装电加热系统特别是采用裸线式电加热器时，必须满足下列要求：

In order to ensure safety, the design and installation of electric heating system, especially the bare wire type electric heater, must meet the following requirements:

①电加热器宜设在风管中，尽量不要放在空调器内。

(1) electric heater should be located in the air duct and try not to put it in the air conditioner.

②电加热器应与送风机联锁。

The electric heater should be interlocked with the fan.

③安装电加热器的金属风管应有良好的接地。

3. Metal air pipes installed with electric heaters should have good grounding.

④电加热器前后各0．8m范围内的风管，其保温材料均应采用绝缘的不燃材料。

4. The insulation materials of the air pipes in the 0.8m range before and after the electric heater should be insulated and non combustible materials.

⑤安装电加热器的风管与前后风管连接法兰中间须加耐热不燃材料的衬垫。

5. The lining between the air duct and the front and rear air pipe connecting flange of the electric heater must be lined with heat-resistant non combustible material.

⑥暗装在吊顶内风管上的电加热器，在相对于电加热器位置处的吊顶上应开设检修孔。

The electric heater, which is concealed in the ceiling air duct, should be provided with a maintenance hole at the ceiling relative to the location of the electric heater.

⑦在电加热器后的风管中应安装超温保护装置。

An extra temperature protection device shall be installed in the air pipe after the electric heater.

3）常用空气湿处理设备。

3) common air wet treatment equipment.

空气的加湿方法一般有喷水加湿（湿膜加湿）、高压蒸汽加湿、超声波加湿、远红外线加湿等。利用蒸汽锅炉使水变成蒸汽和空气的混合过程为等温加湿过程。

Air humidification methods usually include water spray humidification (wet membrane humidification), high pressure steam humidification, ultrasonic humidification, far-infrared humidification, etc. The process of mixing water into steam and air by using a steam boiler is an isothermal humidification process.

a、等温加湿。

A, isothermal humidification.

①蒸气喷管和干蒸气喷管。

(1) steam nozzle and dry steam nozzle.

②干蒸汽加湿器。

(2) dry steam humidifier.

③电热式加湿器。

(3) electrothermal humidifier.

b、等焓加湿设备。直接向空调房间空气中喷水的加湿装置有压缩空气喷雾器、电动喷雾机、超声波加湿器。

B, isenthalpic humidification equipment. The humidifying device that directly sprinkled water into the air of an air-conditioned room is a compressed air sprayer, an electric sprayer and an ultrasonic humidifier.

c、空气的减湿。

C, air dehumidification.

①冷冻减湿机。在既需要减湿又需要加热的场所使用冷冻减湿机较合适。而在室内产湿量大、

(1) the freezing and dehumidifier. Refrigeration dehumidifiers are more suitable in places where moisture and heating are needed. And there's a lot of moisture in the room.